Mutation breeding
Ghorban Ali Nematzadeh; Morteza Oladi; Ammar Afkhami Ghadi; Ammar Gholizadeh Ghara; Farhad Bagheri; Mojtaba Aghajani; Maryam Emami Ghara; Alireza Babaei; Masud Rahimi; Camran Mozafari; Reza Vojdan; Amir Ziaee; Ahmad Esfandiyari
Abstract
Mutation breeding can be a major procedure for plant improvement, and release of high yield, including quality characteristics. A rice mutation breeding program with five verities (local and improved varieties including Sang Tarom, Tarom Chaloci, Nemat, Sepidrood, and Khazar) conducted at GABIT experimental ...
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Mutation breeding can be a major procedure for plant improvement, and release of high yield, including quality characteristics. A rice mutation breeding program with five verities (local and improved varieties including Sang Tarom, Tarom Chaloci, Nemat, Sepidrood, and Khazar) conducted at GABIT experimental field since 2010-2018. Five rice varieties treated with Gama ray at 200 Gray via AEOI , then the segregating generations (M2-M9) cultivated for 7 years and agronomic traits evaluation were done through pedigree method. Finally, eleven M9 pure promising lines selected then planted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) for further analysis. The results have shown that M9-P10-37-1-1-1-1-1-1-1 line (of Nemat mutrant) with high yield (8.23 ton/ha), early maturity (123.67 days), including good physicochemical quality such as AC=18.4%, GC=98 mm and GT= 5.42 with aromatic scent having fgr genes marker with 257bp length. The yield comparison indicate that the line M9-P10-37-1-1-1-1-1-1-1 has 12.51% comparing to Shiroodi and 47.97% comparing to Tarom Hashemi, with the high quality aromatic scent (the same as local physicochemical characteristics and aromatic scent). This new mutant line registered and introduced as Roshan variety.
Metabolomics & metabolites engineering in plant breeding
Mahsa Montazeri; Ali Pakdin-Parizi; Hamid Najafi-Zarrini; Mohammad Azadbakht; Ghorbanali Nematzadeh; Zahra Gholami
Abstract
Hypericum perforatum is a medicinal plant which Hypericin, Hyperforin and phenolic compounds are its active secondary metabolites. Hairy root induction by Agrobacterium rhizogenes in this plant is difficult and has low efficiency. In the present study two inoculation methods, immersion in bacterial suspension ...
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Hypericum perforatum is a medicinal plant which Hypericin, Hyperforin and phenolic compounds are its active secondary metabolites. Hairy root induction by Agrobacterium rhizogenes in this plant is difficult and has low efficiency. In the present study two inoculation methods, immersion in bacterial suspension and direct injection of A. rhizogenes has been compared. For this purpose, the best conditions for H. perforatum hairy root induction including A. rhizogenes strains (A4, LBA9402, NCPPB2656), plant explants (Stem, Apical bud, leaves), co-cultivation media (MS, ½MS, B5, and ½B5) and Acetosyringone (AS) concentration (0 and 100 µM) were specified and used for comparative analysis. It was found that strain A4, Stem explants, ½MS co-cultivation medium without AS constitute the best conditions for hairy root induction of H. perforatum. Transgenic nature of the potential hairy roots was confirmed using PCR and specific rolB and rolC genes primers. The results showed that the efficiency of applying direct injection method is four times higher than immersion in bacterial suspension in H. perforatum hairy root induction. In general, the results indicate that direct injection can be the method of choice to successful hairy root induction in H. perforatum.
Plant breeding for abiotic & biotic stresses
Nafise Taghizadeh; Gholam Ali Ranjbar; Ghorban Ali Nematzadeh; Mohammad Reza Ramazani Moghaddam
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important limitation factors in development of agricultural products. Cotton has a relative tolerance to salinity; however, salinity reduces its growth during germination and seedling stages. In this research, split-factorial design of time based on randomized complete block ...
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Salinity is one of the most important limitation factors in development of agricultural products. Cotton has a relative tolerance to salinity; however, salinity reduces its growth during germination and seedling stages. In this research, split-factorial design of time based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications was used. The real-time PCR results for, root, stem, and leaves of 14-day cotton seedlings of tolerant (Sepid) and sensitive (Thermus14) cotton cultivars with salinity levels from 0 to 16 ds.m-1 were analyzed at three time points, namely 0, 7 and 14 days after salinity stress. Selected genes for Real Time PCR reaction in current study were selected using Cytoscape 3.3.0 software. Results showed that the selected genes GhERF2, GhMPK2, GhCIPK6, GbRLK, GhNHX1, GhGST, GhTPS1 and Gh14-3-3 have positively responded to salinity stress and their expression in the root was higher than in stem and leaf. Moreover, the expression of tolerant genotype (Sepid) was higher than the sensitive cultivar (Thermus 14) one, however, a slight increase in sensitive genotypes was observed in a number of genes (GhERF2 and GhGST) 14 days after starting the stress treatment.
Plant breeding for abiotic & biotic stresses
Hamid Reza Ghorbani; Habibollah Samizadeh Lahiji; Ghorban-Ali Nematzadeh
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that decrease crop production. Transcription factors (TFs) are prominent regulators in plant responses to abiotic stress. In the present study, the expression pattern of four salt-induced genes encoding transcription factors, namely, MYB, RF2, GTF, ...
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Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that decrease crop production. Transcription factors (TFs) are prominent regulators in plant responses to abiotic stress. In the present study, the expression pattern of four salt-induced genes encoding transcription factors, namely, MYB, RF2, GTF, and ARID was studied in response to salt stress (sodium chloride) and recovery conditions. The results of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) showed that expression of genes was influenced by salt stress in A. littoralis. The expression level of all genes increased after 6 hours treatment by salt and after that, it drastically decreased with promoting of stress duration in both roots and shoots tissues but in a different manner. The expression of MYB gene in root (68.44) was the higher than shoot (38.57) after 6 hours of salt treatment, while the expression of other studied genes in the shoot was higher than root. At the recovery stage, the up-regulated expression of genes in different tissues gradually decreased and finally gets a stable value. The result showed that the studied transcription factors play an important role in tolerance of A. littoralis to salinity and could be used as an informative resource in the future breeding programs aimed to develop salt tolerant plants. Also, the response of A. littoralis to salt stress depends on the tissue type and duration of plant exposure to salt.