zhila zahedi; Alireza Nabipour; Asa Ebrahimi
Abstract
Grain and cooking qualities in rice are measured by several physical and chemical traits, each of them controlled by several genes. Molecular markers have become fast and reliable tools for screening genotypes for grain quality. However, As different populations may carrydifferent genes, the efficacy ...
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Grain and cooking qualities in rice are measured by several physical and chemical traits, each of them controlled by several genes. Molecular markers have become fast and reliable tools for screening genotypes for grain quality. However, As different populations may carrydifferent genes, the efficacy of previously developed markers in new populations should be tested. In order to assess the effectiveness of molecular markers in predicting grain quality in Iranian rice genotypes, a total of 38 genotypes from three different backgrounds were fingerprinted by 9 grain quality specific molecular markers and 10 laboratory traits.A total of 31 alleles were detected with an average of 3.1 alleles per locus and the polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.245 to 0.74. Cluster analysis based on molecular markers divided the rice genotypes into three major clusters and effectively differentiated between various genotypes. However, the dendrogram based on the common set of qualitative traits didn't succeed in discriminating between original groups. There were significant associations between molecular markers and quality traits except for milling factor. However, these associations weren't necessarility specific to their supposed traits. Therefore, association of markers developed in other rice populations, specially those developed in Japonioca populations should be tested prior to application in Iranian rice marker assisted breeding programs.
Molecular markers & plant breeding
Mostafa Haghpanah; Seyed Kamal Kazemitabar; Seyed Hamidreza Hashemi; Seyed Mohammad Alavi
Abstract
Urtica dioica is an important medicinal plant which is widely distributed in Mazandaran province (North of Iran). In this study for the first time Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and Inter-simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers were used for detection of genetic polymorphism in Mazandaran ...
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Urtica dioica is an important medicinal plant which is widely distributed in Mazandaran province (North of Iran). In this study for the first time Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and Inter-simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers were used for detection of genetic polymorphism in Mazandaran nettle. Ten AFLP primer combinations and seventeen ISSR markers were utilized. AFLP produced 830 scorable bands out of which 90.21% were polymorphic. ISSR primers amplified 234 bands, 181 being polymorphic (77.3%). Average heterozygosity for AFLP and ISSR markers were 0.25, 0.23 respectively. Marker Index obtains 22.25 for AFLP and 15.57 for ISSR. The number of cluster computed was same for both molecular makers but location of samples in branch were different. The total compare of these two marker systems shown AFLP marker was a useful tool for detection of U. dioica’sgenetic diversity. This plant is very variable and is genetically distinct in east, west and north of Mazandaran.
Molecular markers & plant breeding
Hajar Abedinpour; Nad Ali Babaeian Jelodar; Gholam Ali Ranjbar; Behrouz Golein
Abstract
Having knowledge about genetic relationships among accessions is necessary for developing breeding strategies to produce improved cultivars. In present study, genetic diversity and inter-relationship among 29 genotypes of citrus were comparatively analyzed using morphological and RAPD markers. Significant ...
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Having knowledge about genetic relationships among accessions is necessary for developing breeding strategies to produce improved cultivars. In present study, genetic diversity and inter-relationship among 29 genotypes of citrus were comparatively analyzed using morphological and RAPD markers. Significant variability was observed among citrus genotypes for 61 quantitative and qualitative morphological characters of leaves, fruits and seeds. Furthermore, the RAPD markers revealed a high polymorphism rate (91.82 %). A pair-wise similarity value between genotypes ranged from 0.14 to 0.97 with average of 0.62. Both morphological and molecular analysis indicated a high degree of variation among studied genotypes. In current research, genotypes “pummelo” and “mandarin” were confirmed as true species of citrus in distinct cluster. Results of present study proved that both of morphological and molecular markers are potential tools for determining genetic diversities and genetic relationships of citrus genotypes and can be used in citrus breeding programs.
Molecular markers & plant breeding
Nader Eyvaznejad; Reza Darvishzadeh
Abstract
Many agriculturally important traits are complex, affected by many genes and the environment. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping is a key tool for studying the genetic structure of complex traits in plants. In the present study QTLs associated with yield and agronomical traits such as leaf number, ...
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Many agriculturally important traits are complex, affected by many genes and the environment. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping is a key tool for studying the genetic structure of complex traits in plants. In the present study QTLs associated with yield and agronomical traits such as leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, plant height, stem and head diameter were identified by using 70 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross (♀) PAC2 × RHA266(♂). RILs and their parents were evaluated in a rectangular 8´9 lattice design with two replications. High genetic variability and transgressive segregation were observed in all studied traits. Genetic gain representing the difference between 10% of selected RILs and their parents was significant for most of the studied traits. Positive and significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations were observed among the studied traits. QTL analysis was performed using a recently developed SSR and SNP sunflower linkage map. The map consists of 210 SSRs and 11 SNP markers placed in 17 linkage groups (LGs). The total map length is 1,653.1 cM with a mean density of 1 marker per 7.44 cM. Composite interval mapping (CIM) procedure detected 21 QTLs involved in genetic control of studied traits. The phenotypic variance explained by the identified QTLs varied from 1.13 to 73.70%. QTLs such as HMBPP associated with the expression of more than one trait could increase the efficiency of marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genetic progress in sunflower.
Molecular markers & plant breeding
Mahdieh Modareskia; Reza Darvishzadeh; Abbas Hassani; Maryam Kholghi
Abstract
Study of genetic relationships is a prerequisite for plant breeding activities as well as for conservation of genetic resources. In the present study, genetic diversity among and within 15 Iranian native Ajowan(Carum copticum L.) populations were determined using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. ...
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Study of genetic relationships is a prerequisite for plant breeding activities as well as for conservation of genetic resources. In the present study, genetic diversity among and within 15 Iranian native Ajowan(Carum copticum L.) populations were determined using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Twelve selected primers produced 153 discernible bands, with 93 (60.78%) being polymorphic, indicating considerable genetic diversity at the population level. Number of polymorphic bands per primer ranged from 4 to 11 with an average of 7.75. The largest percentage of polymorphic loci was 78.57% for primer UBC818. Based on an un-weighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) clustering algorithm, four distinct groups were established. Results of the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) corresponded to those obtained through cluster analysis. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the genetic variation was found mainly within populations (61%), but variance among populations was only 39%. This study has detected significant genetic differentiation among C. copticum populations. The current study confirmed the importance of molecular studies in detecting genetic variation among genotypes in selecting diverse parents to carry out crossing program successfully.