Journal of Plant Molecular Breeding

Genetic evaluation of some safflower genotypes under salinity stress

Document Type : Original research paper

Authors

1 Genetic resource department, Desert Research Center

2 DRC

3 Desert Research Center

Abstract

In the context of the increasing demand for cultivation of marginal lands affected by salinity, it became necessary to assess the most important crop traits that can be relied upon as well as to identify genotypes that have the potential to withstand adverse environmental conditions. In this study, ten genotypes of safflower were evaluated under two salinity levels during two successive agricultural seasons. According to correlation and path coefficient analysis and positive direct effect of studied traits, 100 seed weight followed by number of capitulum per plant strongly related to seed yield. Also, the results confirmed based on tolerance indices to salt stress, that line 6 was followed by local cultivar recorded the highest values as an indicator of tolerance. Protein analyses were conducted to identify protein markers associated with salinity tolerance for selection of promising lines tolerant to salt stress. This investigation revealed substantial polymorphism in protein markers that could be useful tools to assist breeders in the selecting and breeding of safflower lines tolerant to salinity stress.

Keywords

Abo-Elwafa, A., and Bakheit, B. (1999). Performance, correlation and path coefficient analysis in faba bean. Assiut J Agric Sci 30: 77-91.
Akbar, F., Yousaf, N., Rabbani, M.A., Shinwari, Z.K., and Masood, M.S. (2012). Study of total seed proteins pattern of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) landraces via sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Pak J Bot 44(6): 2009-2014.
Akram, N.A., and Jamil, A. (2007). Appraisal of physiological and biochemical selection criteria for evaluation of salt tolerance in canola (Brassica napus L.). Pak J Bot 39(5): 1593-1608.
Ali, Z., Qureshi, A.S., Ali, W., Gulzar, H., Nisar, M., and Ghafoor, A. (2007). Evaluation of genetic diversity present in pea (Pisum sativum L.) germplasm based on morphological traits, resistance to powdery mildew and molecular characteristics. Pak J Bot 39(7): 2739-2747.
Badran, A. (2015). Comparative analysis of some garlic varieties under drought stress conditions. J Agric Sci 7(10): 271-280.
Dewey, D.R., and Lu, K. (1959). A correlation and path‐coefficient analysis of components of crested wheatgrass seed production 1. Agron J 51(9): 515-518.
Fernandez, G.C. (1992). "Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance", in: Proceeding of the International Symposium on Adaptation of Vegetables and other Food Crops in Temperature and Water Stress, Aug. 13-16, Shanhua, Taiwan, 257-270.
Guo, J., Ling, H., Wu, Q., Xu, L., and Que, Y. (2014). The choice of reference genes for assessing gene expression in sugarcane under salinity and drought stresses. Sci Rep 4(1): 7042. doi: 10.1038/srep07042.
Guttieri, M.J., Stark, J.C., O'Brien, K., and Souza, E. (2001). Relative sensitivity of spring wheat grain yield and quality parameters to moisture deficit. Crop Sci 41(2): 327-335.
Harb, A., Krishnan, A., Ambavaram, M.M., and Pereira, A. (2010). Molecular and physiological analysis of drought stress in Arabidopsis reveals early responses leading to acclimation in plant growth. Plant Physiol 154(3): 1254-1271. doi: 10.1104/pp.110.161752.
Ibrar, D., Khan, M.A., Mahmood, T., Ahmad, R., Hafiz, I.A., Jan, S.A., and Ahmad, R. (2018). Determination of heterotic groups among sunflower accessions through morphological traits and total seed storage proteins. Int J Agric Biol 20(9): 2025-2031.
Iqbal, S., Ghafoor, A., and Ayub, N. (2005). Relationship between SDS-PAGE markers and Ascochyta blight in chickpea. Pak J Bot 37(1): 87-96.
Jan, S.A., Khan, S.Z., Rabbani, M.A., Khurshid, H., Ibrahim, M.I., Adil, M., and Ilyas, M. (2017). Comparison of electrophoretic protein profiles of Brassica rapa sub-species brown sarson through SDS-PAGE method. Genetika 49(1): 95-104.
Janmohammadi, M., Dezfuli, P.M., and Sharifzadeh, F. (2008). Seed invigoration techniques to improve germination and early growth of inbred line of maize under salinity and drought stress. Gen Appl Plant Physiol 34(3-4): 215-226.
Kaya, M.D. (2009). The role of hull in germination and salinity tolerance in some sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars. Afr J Biotechnol 8(4): 597-600.
Laemmli, U.K. (1970). Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227(5259): 680-685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0.
Lobell, D.B., Burke, M.B., Tebaldi, C., Mastrandrea, M.D., Falcon, W.P., and Naylor, R.L. (2008). Prioritizing climate change adaptation needs for food security in 2030. Science 319(5863): 607-610. doi: 10.1126/science.1152339.
Mahgoub, H., Sofy, A.R., Abdel-Azeem, E.A., and Abo-Zahra, M.S. (2016). Molecular markers associated with salt-tolerance of different soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars under salt stress. Int J. Adv Res Biol Sci 3(8): 241-267.
Mukhlesur, R.M., and Hirata, Y. (2004). Genetic diversity in Brassica species using SDS-PAGE analysis. J Biol Sci 4(2): 234-238.
Pourdad, S. (2008). Study on drought resistance indices in spring safflower. Acta Agron Hung 56(2): 203-212.
Ramirez-Vallejo, P., and Kelly, J.D. (1998). Traits related to drought resistance in common bean. Euphytica 99: 127-136.
Sayed, S.S., and Gabr, A.M. (2013). Responses of Solidago altissima gray to different salinity levels during in vitro propagation. Middle East J Sci Res 14(12): 1676-1684.
Shah, A. (1999). Evaluation of Biological diversity in Mentha Spp. from Azad Jammu and Kashmir, using protein finger printing techniques. B. Sc. Thesis/Project Report, University College of Agriculture Rawalakot.
Siddiqi, E.H., Ashraf, M., and Akram, N.A. (2007). Variation in seed germination and seedling growth in some diverse lines of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under salt stress. Pak J Bot 39(6): 1937-1944.
Singh, R.K., and Chaudhary, B.D. (1977). Biometrical methods in quantitative genetic analysis. India: Kalyani.
Weiss, E. (1983). Oil seed crops. Pub. USA Longman Inc. New York.
Zada, M., Shinwari, Z.K., Zakir, N., and Rabbani, M.A. (2013). Study of total seed storage proteins in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) germplasm. Pak J Bot 45(2): 443-448.
Žilić, S., Barać, M., Pešić, M., Crevar, M., Stanojević, S., Nišavić, A., Saratlić, G., and Tolimir, M. (2010). Characterization of sunflower seed and kernel proteins. Helia 33(52): 103-114.
Journal of Plant Molecular Breeding
Volume 10, Issue 1
June 2022
Pages 12-21
  • Receive Date: 22 September 2022
  • Revise Date: 26 February 2023
  • Accept Date: 29 April 2023
  • First Publish Date: 29 April 2023