Micropropagation & plant breeding
Shiva Shahi; Ali Izadi-Darbandi; Hossein Ramshini; Mehdi Younessi-hamzekhanlu
Abstract
Callus induction and regeneration of fennel from embryo explants were stabilized in the presence of cefotaxime antibiotic and different plant growth regulators (PGRs). The experiments were conducted under a factorial experiment, based on a completely randomized design (CRD). Genotypes; Fasa, Meshkinshar ...
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Callus induction and regeneration of fennel from embryo explants were stabilized in the presence of cefotaxime antibiotic and different plant growth regulators (PGRs). The experiments were conducted under a factorial experiment, based on a completely randomized design (CRD). Genotypes; Fasa, Meshkinshar and Hajiabad were applied under different concentration of cefotaxime (0 and 100 mg l-1), NAA (0 and 0.2 mg l-1), IAA (0 and 0.4 mg l-1) and BAP (0, 0.5 and 1mg l-1). Regeneration, proliferations and root induction were taken placed on studied media, after 35 days without sub-culturing. The highest rate of proliferation with 200 shoots per explant was observed on B5 medium, containing100 mg l-1 cefotaxime and 1.0 mg l-1 BAP. Callus induction and proliferations were observed in all media containing 100 mg l-1 cefotaxime that can be related to auxin like activity of cefotaxime in fennel tissue culture.
Micropropagation & plant breeding
Mehdi Younessi-Hamzekhanlu; Ali Izadi-Darbandi; Mohammad Ali Malboobi; Mohsen Ebrahimi
Abstract
Low-phosphorus (P) stress as a key factor limiting plant growth and production is common in most agricultural soils. Most of the soil-applied phosphate will be rapidly immobilized and most of annually applied phosphate fertilizers are fixed in the soil in organic forms by adsorption, sedimentation and ...
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Low-phosphorus (P) stress as a key factor limiting plant growth and production is common in most agricultural soils. Most of the soil-applied phosphate will be rapidly immobilized and most of annually applied phosphate fertilizers are fixed in the soil in organic forms by adsorption, sedimentation and transformation. However, excess P application may lead to contamination of water sources by enriching of water bodies with nutrients that cause eutrophication. Thus understanding the mechanisms that are used by plants to cope with low-P stress will be supportive to develop more competent breeding and genetic engineering schemes for generating improved phosphorus efficient crops. To cope with P deficiency and maintenance of phosphate homeostasis, plants have developed different adaptive mechanisms, including alterations in root morphology, recycling of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and induction of acid phosphatases (APases). To establish these strategies, numerous genes are involved in alternative metabolism pathways that are regulated by complex Pi signaling networks. In this review, we intend to summarize current advances in research on the mechanisms of P efficient crops and its breeding strategies, with a particular emphasis on APase and root architecture roles in response to low-P stress.